Visit the Best Small, Walkable Cities in Europe

Avignon doesn't quite hit the 100,000 mark in population, but it's  enough to seem like a city; there's a lot to see and do here, and a well-developed Provencal cuisine to try. Folks who like even smaller cities (or towns) will prefer Arles, but it's easy to get to either place on the train or by car. Obligatory stops in Avignon are the places that shaped it as an important city historically, 14th century Palace of the Popes and the 12th century Avignon Bridge.

Where is Avignon?: forms a triangle with Marseille and Montpellier, close to the south coast of France. See also: Interactive Rail Map of France

• Avignon Walking Tour
• Compare Prices on Hotels in Avignon

Basel, one of the most visited cities in Switzerland, sits pretty at the intersection of France, Germany and Switzerland. This makes for an interesting cuisine, especially when enjoyed at a medieval guild hall restaurant, for which the city is famous. Basel's Carnival is also notable as is its Christmas market (pictured), and the Museum of Fine Arts (one of many museums in Basel) is the oldest in Europe the public can visit.  Oddly, at a population of only 166,000, Basel happens to be Switzerland's biggest city.

Where is Basel? In northern Switzerland, on the border with France and Germany. Check out your train connections with this Interactive Rail Map of Europe. It has its own international airport, with cheap flights from easyJet. 

• Basel Walking Tour
• Compare Prices on Hotels in Basel

Bergen might be one of the larger cities on this list at about a quarter of a million population, but the center of Bergan feels much smaller. Bryggen is an area along the waterfront characterized by its parallel rows of buildings with a history of construction dating back 900 years to the time of the German Hanseatic League, who established a trade center on Bergen's waterfront.

Where is Bergen? On the west coast of Norway, usually reached by plane or cruise ship.

• Bergen Walking Tour
• Compare Prices on Hotels in Bergen

Bruges historic center is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, as beautiful as any you'll find in Europe. Have one of Bruges' notable brews, then walk the city and take in the eye candy, stopping for a chocolate. Get another blast of medieval eye candy from a different perspective when you take a canal cruise.

Where is Bruges? Northern Belgium (though Belgium is so small, north, south, east and west hardly count). Bruges is well connected by train with other Belgian cities.

• Bruges Walking Tour
• Compare Prices on Hotels in Bruges

There are many German cities that could fit here, but I'm going to go with Heidelberg. It's on the castle road, so it makes a good base for exploring, although Heidelburg has an interesting castle of its own - and it's a university town, so it's lively at night.

Where is Heidelberg? Half way between Stuttgart and Frankfurt. Plan your route with this Interactive Rail Map of Germany.

• Heidelberg and Nuremberg Tour from Frankfurt
• Compare Prices on Hotels in Heidelberg

Lucca is blessed with a 16th century wall that runs around the historical center. You can bike on top and enjoy the views and marvel at the laid back lifesytyle of Puccini's city. The wall is also important for the tourist in that it's kept out all the modern intrusions like gas stations and tin-roof warehouses. I go there several times a year and still marvel at the town's beauty and its fine Tuscan cuisine.

Where is Lucca? North-west Italy, close to Pisa and a day trip from Florence. Plan your train journey with this Interactive Rail Map of Italy.

• Lucca Walking Tour
• Compare Prices on Hotels in Lucca

The 2001 capital of culture has a lot going for it. Walk along the river, Ribeira do Porto, stopping at one of the little bars or restaurants for a bite to eat, then head up to one of Porto's view points for an overall view of the city, then head across the river to a Port wine producer to learn about one of Porto's many treasures that made the city a nexus for trade.

Where is Porto? Northern Portugal, reachable from both Lisbon and the Spanish city of Santiago de Compostela.

• Porto Walking Tour
• Compare Prices on Hotels in Porto

Austria's fourth largest city is, like many of the small cities listed here, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The birthplace of Mozart (you can visit the house where he lived from 1773 to 1787) is justly famous for the music composed in the area, celebrated spectacularly at the Salzburg festival in the summer.

Where is Salzburg? Northern Austria. There are lots of budget flights to Salzburg. It is also reachable from Munich in Germany.

• Salzburg Walking Tour
• Compare Prices on Hotels in Salzburg

Oxford is one of the UK's most popular cities. If you like old things, you'll marvel at England's oldest university, which dates back to the 11th century, and England's oldest public museum, The Ashmolean, "recently refurbished with its exhibition space doubled." Oxford is a walking town; you can even go ghost hunting.

Where is Oxford? About an hour north-west of London by train. Plan your route with this Rail Map of England.

• Oxford Walking Tour
• Compare Prices on Hotels in Oxford